Влияние жиров на организм человека: Всё про жиры и их влияние на организм

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Автор

Ирина Рудевич

11 сентября 2019

Существует ошибочное мнение, что жиры в составе пищи вредят здоровью и фигуре. На самом деле жир жиру рознь, и правильные продукты с его содержанием пойдут на пользу и тому, и другому.

Жир — это органическое вещество, концентрированный источник калорий. В нем вдвое больше энергии, чем в углеводах и белках. Жир усиливает вкус многих продуктов, делает их более питательными, но в отличие от клетчатки не дает чувства сытости. Поэтому люди наедаются быстрее, когда употребляют цельнозерновые блюда, фрукты и овощи, а после жирной пищи голод отступает лишь на короткое время. В итоге вы съедаете максимум калорий при минимуме пользы.

«Плохой» и «хороший» жир

Жиры делят на два вида: насыщенные и ненасыщенные. Они различны по химической структуре и влиянию на организм. Насыщенные, содержащиеся в животных продуктах и промышленной выпечке, могут быть вредны: они повышают уровень холестерина, увеличивая риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Ненасыщенные жиры, наоборот, снижают уровень холестерина в крови; они содержатся в больших количествах в растительной пище и маслах. На упаковке такие жиры указаны как мононенасыщенные и полиненасыщенные. Существуют также трансжиры, результат переработки ненасыщенных, которые также повышают уровень плохого холестерина и считаются наиболее вредными.

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Зачем нужны жиры

Стоит ли исключить любые виды жира, если вы хотите похудеть? Врачи не советуют вводить жесткие ограничения даже при переизбытке веса. Помимо влияния на сердце и сосуды, полезные жиры в умеренном количестве помогают избежать авитаминоза, поддерживают работу нервной и эндокринной систем, улучшают кровообращение. Их включают в диету людей с больными суставами, при этом не запрещают единственный вид насыщенного жира — кокосовое масло. Кроме того, без жирных кислот в рационе трудно поддерживать красоту и упругости кожи, которой нужны омега-3 для увлажнения.

Сколько жира есть

Нет универсальных рекомендаций по количеству жира в рационе, его нужно рассчитывать индивидуально, в зависимости от образа жизни, активности и имеющихся заболеваний, как и калорийность рациона. Переусердствовать можно с любым, даже самым полезным продуктом или компонентом, поэтому не забывайте о чувстве меры. Специалисты Всемирной организации здравоохранения считают, что 30% — максимально допустимое количество жира от общей потребляемой пищи. При этом насыщенные жиры должны составлять не более 10% от этого показателя, а трансжиры — менее 1%.

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Где содержатся жиры

Жирные кислоты можно найти во многих продуктах, но есть признанные рекордсмены по его содержанию:

• насыщенные жиры: молочные продукты, сливочное масло, сыр, мясо, колбасные изделия, пальмовое и кокосовое масло;

• мононенасыщенные жиры: авокадо, миндаль, фисташки, фундук, грецкие орехи, оливковое, рыжиковое, горчичное масло;

• полиненасыщенные жиры: жирная рыба (омега-3 и омега-6), соевое, подсолнечное и льняное масло, икра, яйца, кедровые и грецкие орехи, виноградные косточки, кунжут.

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Определение «скрытого продукта» часто применяют к сахару. Пища может быть несладкой на вкус, но в составе он присутствует. При этом человек уверен, что исключил сахар из рациона. То же касается и жиров: например, в 100 г пельменей в среднем 13 г жира, а в шоколадных конфетах — порядка 30 г, хотя ни то ни другое не кажется жирным. Именно перебор насыщенных жиров в рационе становится причиной лишнего веса и складок на теле. Врачи не пришли к единому мнению, что важнее ограничивать — жиры или углеводы, если вы хотите похудеть. Но в одном они уверены: питание должно быть сбалансированным.

Внимательно читайте этикетки: в обезжиренный йогурт производители нередко добавляют крахмал, сахар, консерванты и наполнители, в результате чего «диетический» продукт превращается в углеводную бомбу. Если видите в составе гидрогенизированные или частично гидрогенизированные, то есть ненужные трансжиры, продукт лучше не покупать.  

90000 The Effects of Fatty Foods and Fats — Saturated, Unsaturated, Polyunsaturated and Trans Fats — on the Human Body 90001 90002 About Fats 90003 90004 Energy is available to us through what we eat and the foods that we eat are essentially rich in carbohydrates, protein or fats. Protein and carbohydrates provide about 4 calories per gram while fats provide 9 calories per gram. 90005
90004 Besides being a rich source of energy, some other functions that fats carry out in the body are: 90005
90008 90009 They help in the absorption and transportation of the fat-soluble vitamins — Vitamins A, D, E and K.90010
90009 They also protect our vital organs from harmful chemicals as fats store these chemicals if they reach harmful levels in the blood. But only till the time they are removed from the body. 90010
90009 Fats also have a role to play in the cell membrane and hormone formation. 90010
90009 They are necessary for milk production and the healthy growth of a child. 90010
90009 They are needed to develop the brain and a healthy nervous system. 90010
90009 They protect the body from the vagaries of weather.90010
90021 90004 Fats can be solid or liquid at room temperatures. All fats are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. Fats are composed of fatty acids and glycerol. 90005
90002 Types Of Fats 90003 90004 Broadly, fats can be classified into 2 types: 90005
90008 90009 Saturated Fats 90010
90009 Unsaturated Fats 90010
90021 90004 Unsaturated fats are further subdivided into 3 types: 90005
90008 90009 Monounsaturated Fats 90010
90009 Polyunsaturated Fats 90010
90009 Trans Fats 90010
90021 90004 Trans fats, however, are a product of the hydrogenation of oils and are man-made.For example, margarine contains trans fats. 90005
90002 Classification Of Fats 90003 90004 Fats are classified on the basis of: 90005
90008 90009 The length of the fatty acids. 90010
90009 Their saturation levels (Carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms). 90010
90021
90002 Classification On The Basis Of The Length Of The Fatty Acids 90003 90004 Fats have been classified into 4 types on this basis: 90005
90008 90009 Short Chain Fatty Acids — With a chain length of 4 to 6 carbon atoms. 90010
90009 Medium Chain Fatty Acids — With a chain length of 8 to 12 carbon atoms.90010
90009 Long-Chain Fatty Acids — With a chain length of 14 to 18 carbon atoms. 90010
90009 Very Long-Chain Fatty Acids — With a chain length of 20 to 24 carbon atoms. 90010
90021
90002 Short Chain Fatty Acids 90003 90004 These fats are saturated and antimicrobial. They do not need bile salts for digestion and are directly absorbed to provide energy fast. Thus these fats are not stored and hence do not increase weight. They also benefit the immune system. 90005
90002 Medium Chain Fatty Acids 90003 90004 These are also microbial in action, absorbed directly to give energy fast and thus not stored as fat.They increase the metabolism rate and hence contribute to weight loss. They too benefit the immune system. 90077 They are found in tropical oils like coconut oil and butterfat. 90005
90002 Long Chain Fatty Acids 90003 90004 These can be saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated. They are difficult to digest and thus are more strenuous on the liver and the digestive system. They need specific digestive enzymes for easier digestion. They are stored as fat and deposit on the arteries as cholesterol.90005
90004 Most common seed oils and vegetable oils are long-chain fatty acids. 90005
90004 For example: 90005
90008 90009 Stearic acid is a saturated fatty acid found in beef and mutton tallow. 90010
90009 Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in olive oil. 90010
90009 Palmitoleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid found in animal fats. 90010
90009 Gamma linoleic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid found mostly in plant oils like black currant oil, primrose oil etc.90010
90021
90002 Very Long Chain Fatty Acids 90003 90004 These fats are highly unstable as they are highly unsaturated. Some people can make these fatty acids from the essential fatty acids they consume but some can not. Those whose body can not have to obtain it from animal organs, egg yolks, butter and fish oils. 90005
90004 Some of these fatty acids are needed for the production of prostaglandins (hormones) and some play a role in maintaining healthy nerves and a healthy nervous system. 90005
90002 Classification Of Fats On The Basis Of Saturation 90003 90004 On the basis of their degree of saturation with hydrogen atoms, fats are classified as: 90005
90107 90009 Saturated fats 90010
90009 Monounsaturated fats 90010
90009 Polyunsaturated fats 90010
90114 90004 These are explained below.90005
90002 1. Saturated Fats 90003 90004 These fats have all the carbon atoms attached to the hydrogen atoms. For this reason, saturated fats remain very stable on heating and do not go rancid easily. They are mostly solid at normal temperatures. Animal fats are saturated and so are some tropical oils like coconut and palm oil. These oils can be used to cook at high temperatures due to their stability. 90005
90004 All oils and fats from animal or vegetable sources are a combination of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated acids.90005
90002 2. Monounsaturated Fats 90003 90004 The monounsaturated fats are short of just 2 hydrogen atoms and have 1 double bond. Monounsaturated fatty acids are made by the body from saturated fatty acids as they are needed by the body. 90005
90004 They are liquid at normal temperature and are stable so they do not oxidise or turn rancid easily. Therefore they can be used in cooking but not at high temperatures or for frying. Olive oil is best eaten as cold salad oil. 90005
90004 Our main consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids is in the form of oleic acid and this is found in olive oil, canola oil, sesame oil, almond oil, peanut oil, cashews, almonds, pistachios, peanuts, peanut butter, avocado.90005
90004 90132 90133 Interestingly, almost 50% of fat in beef is monounsaturated. 90134 90135 90005
90002 3. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids 90003 90004 The polyunsaturated fatty acids are short of 4 or more hydrogen atoms. Thus there are 2 or more pairs of double bonds. 90005
90004 The linoleic acids, Omega-6 and Omega-3 are the two essential polyunsaturated fatty acids that the body does not make and thus these have to come from our food. They remain liquid even under refrigeration. They are extremely unstable and turn rancid very fast.For this very reason, polyunsaturated oils should not be heated or used in cooking. 90005
90004 Examples of high polyunsaturated oils are corn oil, sunflower oil, soy oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, seafood and margarine. 90005
90004 Evidence indicates that excess consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids, increase the risk of cancer. Also, commercial oils containing a high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids, have a much higher proportion of Omega-6 to Omega-3 fatty acids as opposed to the ideal 1: 1 ratio between the two.This disparity in the ratio can contribute to arthritis, diabetes and heart disease. 90005
90002 Why Polyunsaturated Fats Are Harmful? 90003 90004 We have been led to believe that polyunsaturated fats and oils are good while saturated fats are bad. This is incorrect as can be reasoned below. 90005
90004 It has been found that excess consumption of polyunsaturated oils is the cause of the increase in heart disease and cancer, damage to organs like the liver, lungs etc, digestive problems, issues with the immunity system, lack of proper growth and increased weight gain .90005
90004 The reason for this is not difficult to see. The polyunsaturated fats are unstable and oxidize readily when heated in the presence of moisture and oxygen as during the process of cooking or processing. Oxidation creates free radicals and they react with the cell membranes, red blood cells, tissues, blood vessels, organs etc, in fact with everything in the body giving rise to various diseases and conditions like plaque development in the blood vessels, tumours in organs, cancer, heart disease, etc.90005
90004 As most polyunsaturated fats are in the form of Omega 6 linoleic acid with a little Omega 3 linoleic acid this creates an excess of Omega 6 and thus an imbalance in the ratio of Omega 6 to Omega 3. This increases the risk of developing blood clots , high BP, inflammations, deficient immune response, cancer etc. 90005
90004 Most vegetable oils in the market are deficient in Omega-3 fatty acids but are overly concentrated in the Omega-6 fatty acids upsetting the critical Omega-6 to Omega-3 ratio.90005
90004 Deficiency of Omega-3 leads to conditions like asthma, heart diseases etc. Omega-3 is needed for many cell functions and hormones ‘production. 90005
90002 Benefits Of Saturated Fats 90003 90008 90009 Saturated fatty acids are needed for the formation of cell membranes as they provide the necessary rigidness. 90010
90009 They protect the liver from toxins and alcohol. They also lower the levels of Lipoprotein A, a substance whose increased levels in the blood makes on more at risk for heart disease and strokes.90010
90009 They are needed to fully absorb calcium for optimum bone health. A minimum of 50% of the dietary fats should be saturated for this. 90010
90009 They improve the immune system. 90010
90009 Essential fatty acids can be fully utilized only in the presence of saturated fats. 90010
90009 The microbial activity of these short and medium-chain fatty acids in the digestive tract protects us. 90010
90009 Medium-chain fatty acids, those found in saturated fats, like stearic and palmitic acid are beneficial for the body in times of stress.90010
90021 90004 Research indicates that of the artery-clogging fats, only 26% are saturated. The rest is unsaturated with more than 50% being polyunsaturated. 90005
90004 90133 Coconut oil which is a tropical vegetable oil has a very high percentage of saturated fats — over 90%. Read my hub on Benefits of coconuts at the link provided below. 90134 90005
90002 Trans Fats 90003 90004 Trans fat is a man-made fat that is produced when vegetable oils are partially hydrogenated by passing hydrogen gas under pressure through the vegetable oil in the presence of a catalyst like nickel or platinum for some hours.90005
90004 Hydrogenation makes the oils solid, improves the shelf life, the look, feel and texture of a product. However, during this process, the natural components are converted into many different compounds. These are trans fatty acids or trans fat. 90005
90004 Trans fat is found in margarine, shortening, fried foods, bakery stuff etc. 90005
90004 90132 90133 Harmful Effects Of Trans Fat 90134 90135 90005
90008 90009 They increase LDL or bad cholesterol. and lower HDL or good cholesterol.90010
90009 They clog the arteries, cause diabetes and increase the risk of heart disease. 90010
90009 They affect the immune system negatively. 90010
90009 They give rise to reproductive problems. 90010
90009 They cause obesity. 90010
90021 90004 90132 90133 Tip To Find Out How Much Trans Fat Exists In a Food 90134 90135 90005
90004 90133 If the product label has shortening or partially hydrogenated oil as listed as ingredients, you can assume it contains trans fat. The higher up this ingredient is in the list, more is the trans fat.90134 90005
90004 90132 90133 How To Find Out How Much Trans Fat Is In A Product 90134 90135 90005
90004 90133 Make a sum total of all the different amounts of fat like saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated provided in the list on the product label. Then read the total fat content. The difference between the two is mostly trans fat which is all the more correct if partially hydrogenated oil is listed in the top few ingredients. 90134 90005
90004 90077 90132 90133 This researched information is for educational purposes only.You are advised to take the advice and opinion of your health practitioner or medical doctor before you embark on any new health regime. 90134 90135 90005
.90000 Benefits, Risks, Diet, Body Fat Percentage & More 90001 90002 Despite the broad use of the word «fat» to describe all body fat, there are actually several different types of fat in your body. 90003 90002 Some types of fat can have a negative effect on your health and contribute to disease. Others are beneficial and necessary for your health. 90003 90002 The main types of fat cells are white, brown, and beige cells. They can be stored as essential, subcutaneous, or visceral fat. 90003 90002 Each type of fat serves a different role.Some promote healthy metabolism and hormone levels, while others contribute to life-threatening diseases, including: 90003 90002 Read on to learn more about the different types of body fat. 90003 90002 White fat is the type of fat that most people immediately think of. 90003 90002 It’s made up of large, white cells that are stored under the skin or around the organs in the belly, arms, buttocks, and thighs. These fat cells are the body’s way of storing energy for later use. 90003 90002 This type of fat also plays a large role in the function of hormones such as: 90003 90018 90019 estrogen 90020 90019 leptin (one of the hormones that stimulates hunger) 90020 90019 insulin 90020 90019 cortisol (a stress hormone) 90020 90019 growth hormone 90020 90029 90002 While some white fat is necessary for good health, too much white fat is very harmful.Healthy body fat percentages range depending on your level of fitness or physical activity. 90003 90002 According to the American Council on Exercise, men who are non-athletes should have a total body fat percentage in the 14 to 24 percent range, while women who are non-athletes should be in the 21 to 31 percent range. 90003 90002 A body fat percentage higher than recommended can put you at risk for the following health issues: 90003 90002 Brown fat is a type of fat primarily found in babies, although adults do still retain a very small amount of brown fat, typically in the neck and shoulders.90003 90002 This type of fat burns fatty acids to keep you warm. Researchers are interested in finding ways to stimulate the activity of brown fat to help prevent obesity. 90003 90002 Beige (or brite) fat is a relatively new area of ​​research. These fat cells function somewhere between brown and white fat cells. Similarly to brown fat, beige cells can help burn fat rather than store it. 90003 90002 It’s believed that certain hormones and enzymes released when you’re stressed, cold, or when you exercise can help convert white fat into beige fat.90003 90002 This is an exciting area of ​​research to possibly help prevent obesity and maximize healthy body fat levels. 90003 90002 Essential fat is exactly that — essential for your life and a healthy body. This fat is found in your: 90003 90018 90019 brain 90020 90019 bone marrow 90020 90019 nerves 90020 90019 membranes that protect your organs 90020 90029 90002 Essential fat plays a major role in hormone regulation, including the hormones that control fertility, vitamin absorption, and temperature regulation.90003 90002 According to the American Council on Exercise, women need at least 10 to 13 percent of their body composition to come from essential fat to be in good health, while men require at least 2 to 5 percent. 90003 90002 Subcutaneous fat refers to the fat stored under the skin. It’s a combination of brown, beige, and white fat cells. 90003 90002 The majority of our body fat is subcutaneous. It’s the fat that you can squeeze or pinch on your arms, belly, thighs, and buttocks. 90003 90002 Fitness professionals use calipers to measure subcutaneous fat as a way of estimating total body fat percentage.90003 90002 A certain amount of subcutaneous fat is normal and healthy, but too much can lead to imbalanced hormone levels and sensitivity. 90003 90002 Visceral fat, also known as «belly fat,» is the white fat that’s stored in your abdomen and around all of your major organs, such as the liver, kidneys, pancreas, intestines, and heart. 90003 90002 High visceral fat levels can increase your risk for diabetes, heart disease, stroke, artery disease, and some cancers. 90003 90002 Body composition is very important.Your body will function best with an appropriate overall fat percentage. Having a healthy body fat percentage provides many benefits, such as: 90003 90018 90019 temperature regulation 90020 90019 balanced hormone levels 90020 90019 better reproductive health 90020 90019 adequate vitamin storage 90020 90019 good neurological function 90020 90019 healthy metabolism 90020 90019 balanced blood sugar 90020 90029 90002 Having too much white fat, particularly visceral fat, can be harmful to your health.Visceral fat can increase your risk for the following health conditions: 90003 90018 90019 heart disease 90020 90019 stroke 90020 90019 coronary artery disease 90020 90019 atherosclerosis 90020 90019 pregnancy complications 90020 90019 type 2 diabetes 90020 90019 hormone disturbances 90020 90019 some cancers 90020 90029 90002 Body composition can be measured using several methods. 90003 90002 One common method of estimating body fat percentage is skinfold measurements. A trained technician can use calipers, a tong-like instrument, to pinch and measure folds of skin on your arms, waist, and thighs to estimate total body fat percentage.90003 90002 This method measures primarily subcutaneous fat. 90003 90002 Another method is using a device called the Bod Pod. During a body composition assessment, the devise uses body weight and volume ratios to determine total fat percentage. This method theoretically measures all types of fat present in your body. 90003 90002 Bioelectrical impedance analysis is another method of determining body fat percentage. It’s frequently used in athletic training facilities. This test involves standing on a device that uses electrical current to measure the amount of lean versus fatty mass in your body.90003 90002 Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference tests may also be helpful. While they do not provide a specific percentage of body fat, they do provide an estimate based on your height and weight. 90003 90002 BMI is calculated as a ratio of weight to height, while waist circumference is a measurement of the smallest part of the waist. 90003 90002 According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), a BMI greater than 25 is considered overweight, while a BMI over 30 is considered obese.90003 90002 A waist circumference greater than 35 inches in women and 40 inches in men is considered higher risk for disease, as increased waist circumference can indicate the presence of visceral fat. 90003 90002 A common assumption is that a high-fat diet is what causes a person to have too much body fat. This is only partially true. While fat is higher in calories than carbohydrates or protein, people need a certain amount of dietary fat for good health. 90003 90002 Refined, processed foods that are high in carbohydrates and low in fiber can also cause weight gain.People with diets that are high in refined sugars and processed foods are often more prone to visceral fat, which is more dangerous as a predictor of disease than subcutaneous fat. 90003 90002 Calories consumed that are not needed by the body will be stored as fat reserves. In terms of gaining or losing weight, the total number of calories you take in versus the calories that you burn every day is what matters, rather than whether those calories are from fat, carbs, or protein. 90003 90002 Most experts recommend a diet high in protein, complex carbohydrates, and fiber with moderate portion sizes.A healthy diet is most effective when combined with a regular exercise program. 90003 90002 Strength training in particular is effective in increasing metabolism, building lean muscle mass, and preventing fat gain in the long term. 90003 90002 There are three different types of fat cells in the body: white, brown, and beige. Fat cells can be stored in three ways: essential, subcutaneous, or visceral fat. 90003 90002 Essential fat is necessary for a healthy, functional body. Subcutaneous fat makes up most of our bodily fat and is found under the skin.This is the body’s method of storing energy for later use. 90003 90002 Visceral fat is found in the abdomen amongst the major organs. It can be very dangerous in high levels. A high body fat percentage, and in particular the presence of visceral fat, can increase your risk for a number of diseases. 90003 90002 To promote weight loss or prevent weight gain, make sure to eat the same number of calories that you burn, or eat fewer calories than you burn. A high-protein diet combined with regular exercise is particularly effective in preventing stores of visceral fat.90003.90000 The Effects of Bulimia on Your Body 90001 90002 Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder that’s described as a destructive pattern of eating and purging to control weight. Two of the most prominent behaviors of bulimia are bingeing (eating a lot of food) and purging (self-induced vomiting), but bulimia encompasses so much more than that. It can also take a tremendous emotional toll and lead to severe, life-threatening conditions. 90003 90002 When you think of bulimia, you’re most likely to think of bingeing and purging.However, these are not the only symptoms of the disorder. Bulimia can present itself through the following symptoms: 90003 90002 In addition to mental stress, continuous bingeing and purging puts great strain on the body. Unlike anorexia, another type of eating disorder, bulimia does not necessarily have symptoms of significant weight loss. But the effects are still very real. 90003 90008 Central nervous system (mental and emotional health) 90009 90002 While characterized as an eating disorder, bulimia is also a mental health disorder that causes a cycle of health concerns.You may experience depression, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive behaviors. Moodiness and irritability may occur due to lack of vitamins or behaviors that come along with bulimia. For example, constant monitoring of food and weight can become an obsession. Someone may also binge in secret and then hide evidence of food and laxatives. In order to achieve their ideal weight, people may also engage in substance abuse. 90003 90002 Compulsive exercising or preoccupation with appearance are also common symptoms.It’s not unusual for someone with bulimia to spend a lot of time thinking about food and how to control it. In fact, people with bulimia may become quite focused on eating to the exclusion of other activities that they used to enjoy. 90003 90002 Having to keep secrets contributes to the cycle of stress and anxiety. Over time, guilt can build up from keeping secrets from your friends and loved ones. This may also be accompanied by feelings of embarrassment and shame. Suicidal behavior may form as a culmination of the stress and extreme unhealthy body image.90003 90008 Digestive system 90009 90002 The cycle of bingeing and purging eventually takes a toll on your digestive system. Not only is it physically demanding, but the effects of bulimia can bring on general weakness and fatigue. 90003 90002 A sore throat, stomach pain, or both may be the first obvious physical side effects of bulimia. As the disorder progresses, chronic self-induced vomiting can cause a variety of symptoms in the digestive tract, beginning at the mouth. Over time, the high acid content of vomit can damage teeth and cause enamel erosion, tooth sensitivity, and gum disease.Puffy cheeks or jaws may be noticed secondary to swollen salivary glands. 90003 90002 Acid can also: 90003 90002 Putting a finger down your own throat is one of the most common ways people with bulimia induce vomiting. Doing this over and over can cause callouses on the back of your hand (in the knuckle area) because of your knuckles coming in contact with your incisors. This phenomenon is known as Russell’s sign. The acidity scars the skin on your fingers and hands. 90003 90002 Another way that some people try to rid the body of excessive calories from food is to use diuretics, diet pills, or laxatives.Overuse of these products can make it difficult to have a bowel movement without using them. Misdirected use of diuretics may also damage the kidneys. Over-strained bowel movements can also result in hemorrhoids. 90003 90008 Circulatory system 90009 90002 Frequent purging can cause dehydration. This leads to weak muscles and extreme fatigue. It can also throw your electrolytes out of balance and put strain on your heart. This can cause an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), and in some severe cases, a weakened heart muscle and heart failure.The electrolytes that tend to go missing from constant vomiting are potassium, magnesium, and sodium. 90003 90002 Bulimia can cause low blood pressure, a weak pulse, and anemia. Vomiting can be a violent event. The sheer force of it can even cause the blood vessels in your eyes to rupture. 90003 90008 Reproductive system 90009 90002 The nutritional deficiencies people with bulimia experience can cause a hormonal imbalance. The fatigue can kill your sex drive. Bulimia can interfere with your menstrual cycle or stop it altogether.If the ovaries no longer release eggs, it’s impossible for the sperm to fertilize the egg. 90003 90002 Pregnant women who continue to engage in bingeing and purging behaviors face additional complications for themselves and their babies. These include: 90003 90002 Use of diuretics or laxatives during pregnancy may be harmful to your unborn baby. 90003 90008 Integumentary system 90009 90002 The integumentary system includes your hair, skin, and nails. These parts of your body are not immune to the effects of bulimia, either.Dehydration from frequent vomiting means that your body does not have enough water. In turn, your hair can become dry and frizzy. You may even experience hair loss. 90003 90002 Dry skin and nails are also a long-term side effect of bulimia. Your skin may become rough and scaly, while your nails turn brittle. 90003.90000 The Effects of Hypertension on the Body 90001 90002 Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is when your blood travels through blood vessels with more force than is considered healthy. When blood pressure is high, it can damage artery and blood vessel walls over time. This leads to dangerous complications and even death if left untreated. 90003 90002 Blood pressure is measured by systolic over diastolic pressure. Systolic refers to the pressure when the heart is beating, and diastolic refers to the pressure when the heart rests between beats.For an average adult, a blood pressure reading is considered normal if it’s below 120/80 mmHg. 90003 90002 High blood pressure has no symptoms, until you begin to experience complications. That’s why it’s important to have yours checked regularly and know your numbers. 90003 90008 Circulatory system 90009 90002 Damage caused by high blood pressure starts small and builds over time. The longer it goes undiagnosed or uncontrolled, the more serious your risks. 90003 90002 Your blood vessels and major arteries carry blood throughout the body and supply it to vital organs and tissue.When the pressure at which blood travels gets increased, it begins to damage artery walls. 90003 90002 Damage starts as small tears. As these artery wall tears begin to form, bad cholesterol flowing through the blood starts to attach itself to the tears. More and more cholesterol builds up in the walls, making the artery narrow. Less blood is able to get through. 90003 90002 When the proper amount of blood can not move through a blocked artery, it causes damage to the tissue or organ it’s supposed to reach.In the heart, this can mean chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or a heart attack. 90017 The heart also has to work harder, but is less effective with high blood pressure and blocked arteries. Eventually, the extra work can lead to an enlarged left ventricle, which is the part of the heart that pumps blood to the body. This also puts you at a higher risk of having a heart attack. 90003 90002 Heart failure is when your heart becomes so weak and damaged from high blood pressure, working hard, or a previous heart attack, that it stops being able to pump blood through your body effectively.Signs of heart failure include: 90003 90002 High blood pressure can also cause a bulge to form in a damaged artery. This is known as an aneurysm. The bulge gets larger and larger and often is not found until it causes pain by pressing on another area of ​​the body, or bursts. 90003 90002 A ruptured aneurysm can be deadly if it’s in one of your major arteries. This can happen anywhere in the body. 90003 90008 Nervous system 90009 90002 High blood pressure may play a role in dementia and cognitive decline over time.Reduced blood flow to the brain causes memory and thinking problems. You might have trouble remembering or understanding things, or lose focus during conversations. 90003 90002 The same damage that high blood pressure causes to blood vessels and arteries in the heart can happen to the arteries in the brain. When a larger blockage of blood to the brain occurs, it’s called a stroke. If parts of the brain can not get the oxygen they receive from blood, cells begin to die. 90003 90002 Your survival rate and likelihood of permanent brain damage depends on how severe the stroke is and how fast you receive treatment.90003 90002 Blood vessels in the eyes can be damaged as well. If they burst or bleed, it can cause vision difficulties, like blurriness or blindness. Fluid buildup under the retina is called choroidopathy. 90003 90008 Skeletal system 90009 90002 High blood pressure can cause bone loss, known as osteoporosis, by increasing the amount of calcium your body gets rid of when you urinate. Women who have already gone through menopause are especially at risk. 90003 90002 Osteoporosis weakens your bones and makes it easier for fractures and breaks to happen.90003 90008 Respiratory system 90009 90002 Like the brain and heart, arteries in the lungs can be damaged and blocked. When the artery that carries blood to your lungs gets blocked, it’s called a pulmonary embolism. This is very serious and requires immediate medical attention. An aneurysm can also happen in the lung. 90003 90002 Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder that causes loud snoring and breathing interruptions during a night’s sleep. People with sleep apnea often do not feel rested when they wake up in the morning.Research has linked the condition to high blood pressure, since many people who are diagnosed with sleep apnea also have high blood pressure. 90003 90008 Reproductive system 90009 90002 Your sexual organs use extra blood flow during arousal. When high blood pressure causes blockages to the blood vessels leading to the penis or vagina, sexual dysfunction may occur. 90003 90002 Men may have a hard time getting and maintaining an erection and women might experience: 90003 90008 Urinary system 90009 90002 Your kidneys help remove waste from the blood, regulate blood volume and pressure, and filter waste out through urine.In order to do this well, they need healthy blood vessels. 90003 90002 High blood pressure can damage the larger blood vessels leading to your kidneys and the smaller vessels inside your kidneys. Over time, this damage prevents the kidneys from doing their job properly. This is called kidney disease and can lead to kidney failure. 90003 90002 High blood pressure is one of the major causes of kidney failure. People with kidney failure no longer have the ability to remove waste from their body and will either need dialysis or a transplant.90003 90008 Takeaway 90009 90002 Hypertension causes damage slowly over a long period of time without noticeable symptoms. That’s why it’s important to practice healthy habits, like regular exercise and eating a diet that’s low in sugar, salt and unhealthy fats. 90003 90002 You should also have your blood pressure checked and know your numbers. Blood pressure can be managed and being aware of your high blood pressure can help you and your doctor to control it better. 90003.